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| c. 20 |
| | | Saul of Tarsus, later known as St Paul, has a Greek-speaking Jewish father who is a Roman citizen | |
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| c. 48 |
| | | St Paul, on his travels within the Roman empire, begins converting non-Jews (or Gentiles) to the new Christian faith | |
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| 66 |
| | | The Zealots play a prominent part in the uprising which expels the Romans from Jerusalem | |
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| 66 |
| | | Josephus is in Jerusalem at the start of the rebellion against the Romans, and will later describe its suppression in his Jewish War | |
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| c. 68 |
| | | The Essenes hide their sacred scrolls in caves near the Dead Sea, to save them from the Romans | |
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| 70 |
| | | Titus recovers Jerusalem for Rome, after four years of Jewish rule | |
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| 70 |
| | | The complete destruction of the Jewish Temple follows the fall of Jerusalem to the Romans | |
|  | The Western Wall supporting the Temple built by Herod
Fotofile CG
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| 70 |
| | | The first yeshiva, established by Johanan ben Zakkai at Yavne, begins a strong tradition of Jewish scholarship in the Diaspora | |
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| 73 |
| | | The last of the Jewish insurgents are besieged in the stronghold of Masada, eventually killing each other to end their ordeal | |
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| 130 |
| | | Hadrian, visiting Jerusalem, decides to rebuild it as a Roman city - an act which provokes the final Jewish uprising | |
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